The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) forecasts a strong Super El Niño coinciding with a positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) between August and October 2026. El Niño is the abnormal warming of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, which weakens or reverses trade winds and can reduce India's monsoon rain while raising global heat, droughts and wildfires. NOAA declared the 2026 El Niño on 11 June 2026; sea-surface temperature anomalies may exceed 2.9°C, possibly among the strongest on record. A positive IOD, with a warmer western and cooler eastern Indian Ocean, can aid Indian rainfall and partly counter El Niño.