BirdLife International's State of the World's Birds 2026 report, the first edition dedicated to migratory birds and their flyways, says 45% of migratory bird species are in decline and one in nine is threatened with extinction. It notes that the Slender-billed Curlew went extinct in 2025, the first global bird extinction in mainland Eurasia and Africa in recent centuries. Key threats include invasive species, intensive farming, climate change and unsustainable hunting. The Nairobi Flyways Declaration was signed to boost international cooperation for protecting migratory birds and their habitats along entire flyways.