For the first time, India has overtaken China in rice production. India produced about 152 million metric tonnes against China's 146 million, and now accounts for more than 28% of the world's rice. India has nearly 60,000 of the world's roughly 1.23 lakh rice varieties. Agricultural exports reached a record ₹4.5 lakh crore in 2024-25, and rice was the largest item at about 24%.