India rejected the May 2026 award of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) on the maximum pondage allowed at Indian hydro projects under the Indus Waters Treaty, 1960. The dispute involves the Kishenganga (330 MW) and Ratle (850 MW) run-of-the-river projects in Jammu and Kashmir, whose designs Pakistan opposed. India calls the Court illegally constituted since Pakistan pursued it alongside the Neutral Expert route, and holds the treaty in abeyance after the 2025 Pahalgam attack. Under the World Bank-brokered treaty, India gets the Ravi, Beas and Sutlej; Pakistan mainly the Indus, Jhelum and Chenab.