Global Biodiversity Milestone: India Leads World in IRCC Issuance Under Nagoya Protocol
India Emerges as Global Leader in Biodiversity Compliance
In a major boost to its environmental governance, India has emerged as the world leader in issuing Internationally Recognized Certificates of Compliance (IRCCs). This achievement is part of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS), highlighting India's commitment to the fair and transparent use of biological resources.
Breaking Down the Numbers
India’s dominance in this sector is unparalleled, showcasing a robust system that outpaces most developed nations:\
- Global Share: India has issued a total of 3,561 IRCCs, which represents more than 56 percent of the total certificates issued globally.
- Participation: While 142 countries are parties to the Nagoya Protocol, only 34 countries have successfully issued IRCCs, with India leading the pack by a massive margin.
What is an IRCC?
An IRCC is a vital legal document that confirms two main things regarding the use of genetic resources:
- Prior Informed Consent (PIC): Permission obtained from the provider country.
- Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT): Fair distribution of benefits arising from the use of those resources.
The Pillars of Success: Institutional Framework
India’s success is built upon the legal foundation of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. The implementation is managed through a three-tier institutional structure:
- National Biodiversity Authority (NBA): At the central level.
- State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs): Managing regional resources.
- Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs): Empowering local communities to protect and share benefits from their natural heritage.
This milestone reinforces India’s position as a champion of sustainable development and a guardian of global biodiversity. For TNPSC and competitive exam aspirants, this is a crucial update in the "Environment and Ecology" segment for 2026.
