India and Russia have operationalised the RELOS (Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement), deepening military cooperation.
- Access: Each side may use the other's military bases, ports and air facilities in both peace and war.
- Limits: Up to 3,000 personnel, 5 warships and 10 aircraft may be deployed in each other's territory.
- Support covered: Refuelling, repairs, maintenance and spare parts.
- Payment: Costs can be settled by exchanging goods and services rather than cash.
- Strategic gain: India gets access to Russian facilities including the Arctic; Russia gains support in the Indian Ocean.