IIT Madras has successfully tested India's first indigenous 5 kN air-breathing Rotating Detonation Engine (RDE) fitted with an aerospike nozzle, achieving a stable 5 kN thrust through sustained pressure-gain combustion. Separately, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR-NAL) unveiled three indigenous micro and small gas turbine engines in New Delhi: NJ-05 (5 kg thrust), NJ-50 (50 kg thrust) and NJ-100 (100 kg thrust).